Pseudopungtungia nigra
       (9cm)
      Endangered Species
* Endemic to South Korea

P. nigra
© 2009 photo by Jeon, HyungBae

P. nigra
 © 2009 photo by Jeon, HyungPyo

 Habitat : Pseudopungtungia nigra typically occurs in upper and mid rivers ranging from 5 to 120 m wide amongst bedrock, boulder, cobble and gravel riffles and runs less than 2 m deep. The shore of habitats is typically richly forested. Feeds mainly on algae growing on the rock surface.

 Range:  Endemic to South Korea(Ungcheon, Keum and Mangyeong River)

 Threats : Dam constructions, livestock farmlands sewage, and sediment from croplands appear to be an main threat to upper-middle Keum River population. Sewage from livestock farmlands, towns, and factories, polluted sediments, and impoundments are the main threats to Mangyeong River population. 
In addition to this, strip-mine, quarries, and livestock farmlands sewage caused the extirpation of this species from Woongcheon River system.

 Conservation action : The Korea Institute of Water and Environment succeeded in breeding and raising this species. In 2005, the fry were stocked into Gapcheon River in Nonsan county of Chungcheongnam-do Province and Daejeon Metropolitan City which were the species' historical habitats.

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Red dots : Where this species is living nowadays.
Blue dots : Where this species have been disappeared.